Separation of components of mixture into zones, one or more of which can be identified by color, etc.: (1) by adsorption column, adsorbing from solute in a tube packed with cellulose, alumina, lime, etc.; (2) by electrochromatography, passing electricity across a column or paper strip down which solvent mixture is flowing, causing migration to the side of a flow line; (3) by electrophoresis, using electric current to aid migration; and (4) by paper partition, separation into bands as suitable solvent flows past a drop of solution, which contains compounds (qualitative and quantitative analysis).