Or Saloniki, the Thessalonica of the Scriptures, the second port and city of Turkey in Europe; occupies a bold and rocky site at the head of the Gulf of Salonica, 370 m. SW. of Constantinople; is surrounded by walls, is well laid out, drained, etc.; contains many fine old mosques; has an increasing commerce, exporting corn, cotton, opium, wool, etc.; founded in 315 B.C., and has ever since been a place of considerable importance.