- Industry: Library & information science
- Number of terms: 152252
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The National Library of Medicine (NLM), on the campus of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, is the world's largest medical library. The Library collects materials and provides information and research services in all areas of biomedicine and health care.
1) The muscle tissue of the heart. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (myocytes, cardiac) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.
2) Muscle tissue of the heart composed of striated, involuntary muscle known as cardiac muscle.
Industry:Health care
1) The muscles that move the eye. Included in this group are the medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique, superior oblique, musculus orbitalis, and levator palpebrae superioris.
2) Voluntary muscles which control eye movement.
Industry:Health care
1) The muscular membranous segment between the pharynx and the stomach in the upper gastrointestinal tract.
2) A muscular tube that in adult humans is about nine inches (23 centimeters) long and passes from the pharynx down the neck between the trachea and the spinal column and behind the left bronchus where it pierces the diaphragm slightly to the left of the middle line and joins the cardiac end of the stomach.
3) The muscular tube through which food passes from the throat to the stomach.
Industry:Health care
1) The muscular membranous segment between the pharynx and the stomach in the upper gastrointestinal tract.
2) A muscular tube that in adult humans is about nine inches (23 centimeters) long and passes from the pharynx down the neck between the trachea and the spinal column and behind the left bronchus where it pierces the diaphragm slightly to the left of the middle line and joins the cardiac end of the stomach.
3) The muscular tube through which food passes from the throat to the stomach.
Industry:Health care
1) The natural process of breaking and rejoining DNA strands to produce new combinations of genes and, thus, generate genetic variation. Gene crossover during meiosis.
2) The exchange of a segment of DNA between two homologous chromosomes during meiosis leading to a novel combination of genetic material in the offspring.
3) Crossing over is the swapping of genetic material that occurs in the germ line. During the formation of egg and sperm cells, also known as meiosis, paired chromosomes from each parent align so that similar DNA sequences from the paired chromosomes cross over one another. Crossing over results in a shuffling of genetic material and is an important cause of the genetic variation seen among offspring.
Industry:Health care
1) The non-neuronal cells of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu, participate in the blood-brain barrier and blood-retinal barrier, form the myelin insulation of nervous pathways, guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. Neuroglia have high-affinity transmitter uptake systems, voltage-dependent and transmitter-gated ion channels, and can release transmitters, but their role in signaling (as in many other functions) is unclear.
2) A type of cell that surrounds nerve cells and holds them in place. Glial cells also insulate nerve cells from each other.
Industry:Health care
1) The normal number of chromosomes in a somatic cell; in humans, 46 chromosomes (22 pairs of autosomes and two sex chromosomes)
2) Diploid is a cell or organism that has paired chromosomes, one from each parent. In humans, cells other than human sex cells, are diploid and have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Human sex cells (egg and sperm cells) contain a single set of chromosomes and are known as haploid.
Industry:Health care
1) The observable physical and/or biochemical characteristics of the expression of a gene; the clinical presentation of an individual with a particular genotype.
2) A phenotype is an individual's observable traits, such as height, eye color, and blood type. The genetic contribution to the phenotype is called the genotype. Some traits are largely determined by the genotype, while other traits are largely determined by environmental factors.
3) Observable characteristics of an organism produced by the organism's genotype interacting with the environment.
Industry:Health care
1) The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining protein conformation.
2) The linear order of the amino acids in a protein or peptide.
Industry:Health care
1) The outer of the three germ layers of the embryo.
2) Outermost of the three germ layers of the embryo (the other two being mesoderm and endoderm); ectoderm gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue.
Industry:Health care
