- Industry: Library & information science
- Number of terms: 152252
- Number of blossaries: 0
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The National Library of Medicine (NLM), on the campus of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, is the world's largest medical library. The Library collects materials and provides information and research services in all areas of biomedicine and health care.
1) The clear constricted portion of the chromosome at which the chromatids are joined and by which the chromosome is attached to the spindle during cell division.
2) The point or region on a chromosome to which the spindle attaches during mitosis and meiosis -- called also kinetochore.
3) A centromere is a constricted region of a chromosome that separates it into a short arm (p) and a long arm (q). During cell division, the chromosomes first replicate so that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes. Following DNA replication, the chromosome consists of two identical structures called sister chromatids, which are joined at the centromere.
Industry:Health care
1) The clinical syndrome that results from decreased secretion of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland. It leads to a slowing of metabolic processes and in its most severe form to the accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in the skin, causing a nonpitting edema termed myxedema. Cretinism is the congenital form leading to abnormalities of intellectual and physical development. (Bennett, et al., Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 20th ed)
2) Too little thyroid hormone. Symptoms include weight gain, constipation, dry skin, and sensitivity to the cold. Also called underactive thyroid.
Industry:Health care
1) The cloning or identification of a gene for a particular disease based on its location in the genome, determined by a collection of methods including linkage analysis, genomic (physical) mapping, and bioinformatics, when no information about the biochemical basis of the disease is known; distinguished from the more common strategy of gene cloning beginning with a known protein product, determining its amino acid sequence, and using that information to isolate the gene.
2) Positional cloning is a laboratory technique used to locate the position of a disease-associated gene along the chromosome. This approach works even when little or no information is available about the biochemical basis of the disease. Positional cloning is used in conjunction with linkage analysis. It involves the isolation of partially overlapping DNA segments that progress along the chromosome toward a candidate gene.
Industry:Health care
1) The cloning or identification of a gene for a particular disease based on its location in the genome, determined by a collection of methods including linkage analysis, genomic (physical) mapping, and bioinformatics, when no information about the biochemical basis of the disease is known; distinguished from the more common strategy of gene cloning beginning with a known protein product, determining its amino acid sequence, and using that information to isolate the gene.
2) Positional cloning is a laboratory technique used to locate the position of a disease-associated gene along the chromosome. This approach works even when little or no information is available about the biochemical basis of the disease. Positional cloning is used in conjunction with linkage analysis. It involves the isolation of partially overlapping DNA segments that progress along the chromosome toward a candidate gene.
Industry:Health care
1) The complete series of events from one cell division to the next.
2) A cell cycle is a series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides. A cell spends most of its time in what is called interphase, and during this time it grows, replicates its chromosomes, and prepares for cell division. The cell then leaves interphase, undergoes mitosis, and completes its division. The resulting cells, known as daughter cells, each enter their own interphase and begin a new round of the cell cycle.
Industry:Health care
1) The complete series of events from one cell division to the next.
2) A cell cycle is a series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides. A cell spends most of its time in what is called interphase, and during this time it grows, replicates its chromosomes, and prepares for cell division. The cell then leaves interphase, undergoes mitosis, and completes its division. The resulting cells, known as daughter cells, each enter their own interphase and begin a new round of the cell cycle.
Industry:Health care
1) The composition or combination of parts or elements so as to form a whole.
2) The production of a substance by the union of chemical elements, groups, or simpler compounds or by the degradation of a complex compound (protein synthesis).
Industry:Health care
1) The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions.
2) A narrowing or constriction of the diameter of a bodily passage or orifice <esophageal stenosis>.
Industry:Health care
1) The condition of an anatomical structure's being dilated beyond normal dimensions.
2) The presence of dilations in tissues or organs, usually attributable to a pathophysiologic process.
Industry:Health care
1) The condition of having more than the normal number of toes or fingers--called also polydactylia, polydactylism.
2) Polydactyly is an abnormality characterized by extra fingers or toes. The condition may be present as part of a collection of abnormalities, or it may exist by itself. When polydactyly exhibits by itself, it is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait.
Industry:Health care
